<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://raceandethnicity.org/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=60&amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Early+20th+Century+%281900-1919%29&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle&amp;page=3&amp;output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-05-10T04:46:28+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>3</pageNumber>
      <perPage>12</perPage>
      <totalResults>70</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="1317" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1306">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/1eb99852507e83c7e55c0ce313993b3d.jpg</src>
        <authentication>25bc11ab68630ca427400a7da4b2f033</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Warshaw Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="9">
                  <text>The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, ca. 1742-1977, is one of the collections that make up the holdings of theArchives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. It is one of the largest advertising ephemera collections in the U.S. The images we have selected are a sample of the more than 1 million items in the collection. Work must be sought from the Archives Center at NMAH.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Archive Location</name>
          <description>Physical location of the item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14613">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;NMAH Archives Center Warshaw Collection of Business Americana 0060 Coffee Box 2, Folder Fischer, B &amp;amp; Co. "How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages," B. Fischer &amp;amp; Co. New York, pages 13-14.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Gender</name>
          <description>Gender represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14618">
              <text>Mixed-Gender group</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Physical Setting</name>
          <description>Physical setting represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14619">
              <text>Indoors</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14620">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14621">
              <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14622">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="61">
          <name>Product</name>
          <description>Product represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14623">
              <text>Coffee</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14624">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14612">
                <text>How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages: Pages 13, 14</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14614">
                <text>1900s</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14615">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14616">
                <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14617">
                <text>c1905</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14625">
                <text>Smithsonian-NMAH</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14626">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Pages 13 and 14 of " How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages."&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1312" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1301">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/080bb8b1ca56699903f86e2dfb9bdb0c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>f44fb4be2392d7cf9a1a3030955699f4</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Warshaw Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="9">
                  <text>The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, ca. 1742-1977, is one of the collections that make up the holdings of theArchives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. It is one of the largest advertising ephemera collections in the U.S. The images we have selected are a sample of the more than 1 million items in the collection. Work must be sought from the Archives Center at NMAH.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Archive Location</name>
          <description>Physical location of the item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14524">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;NMAH Archives Center Warshaw Collection of Business Americana 0060 Coffee Box 2, Folder Fischer, B &amp;amp; Co. "How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages," B. Fischer &amp;amp; Co. New York, pages 3-4.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Gender</name>
          <description>Gender represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14529">
              <text>Mixed-Gender group</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Physical Setting</name>
          <description>Physical setting represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14530">
              <text>Indoors</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14531">
              <text>Asian Americans</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14532">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14533">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14534">
              <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="61">
          <name>Product</name>
          <description>Product represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14535">
              <text>Coffee</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14536">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14537">
              <text>Asians</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14538">
              <text>Chinese</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14523">
                <text>How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages: Pages 3, 4</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14525">
                <text>1900s</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14526">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14527">
                <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14528">
                <text>c1905</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14539">
                <text>Smithsonian-NMAH</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14540">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Pages 3 and 4 of "How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages."&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1313" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1302">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/f1d93929326fefaf96cea1cbe3e23c7b.jpg</src>
        <authentication>e489668aa50b3cba7159a183a57ee744</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Warshaw Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="9">
                  <text>The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, ca. 1742-1977, is one of the collections that make up the holdings of theArchives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. It is one of the largest advertising ephemera collections in the U.S. The images we have selected are a sample of the more than 1 million items in the collection. Work must be sought from the Archives Center at NMAH.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Archive Location</name>
          <description>Physical location of the item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14542">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;NMAH Archives Center Warshaw Collection of Business Americana 0060 Coffee Box 2, Folder Fischer, B &amp;amp; Co. "How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages," B. Fischer &amp;amp; Co. New York, pages 5-6.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Gender</name>
          <description>Gender represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14547">
              <text>Mixed-Gender group</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Physical Setting</name>
          <description>Physical setting represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14548">
              <text>Indoors</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14549">
              <text>American Jews</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14550">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14551">
              <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14552">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="61">
          <name>Product</name>
          <description>Product represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14553">
              <text>Coffee</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14554">
              <text>Filipino Americans</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14555">
              <text>American Jews</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14556">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14557">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14541">
                <text>How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages: Pages 5, 6</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14543">
                <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14544">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14545">
                <text>1900s</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14546">
                <text>c1905</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14558">
                <text>Smithsonian-NMAH</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14559">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Pages 5 and 6 of "How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages."&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1314" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1303">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/3083600526215711243ff20d6a7e8e04.jpg</src>
        <authentication>6251270797ffa67a226c052238108fa8</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Warshaw Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="9">
                  <text>The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, ca. 1742-1977, is one of the collections that make up the holdings of theArchives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. It is one of the largest advertising ephemera collections in the U.S. The images we have selected are a sample of the more than 1 million items in the collection. Work must be sought from the Archives Center at NMAH.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Archive Location</name>
          <description>Physical location of the item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14561">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;NMAH Archives Center Warshaw Collection of Business Americana 0060 Coffee Box 2, Folder Fischer, B &amp;amp; Co. "How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages," B. Fischer &amp;amp; Co. New York, pages 7-8&lt;/p&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Gender</name>
          <description>Gender represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14566">
              <text>Mixed-Gender group</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Physical Setting</name>
          <description>Physical setting represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14567">
              <text>Indoors</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14568">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14569">
              <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14570">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="61">
          <name>Product</name>
          <description>Product represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14571">
              <text>Coffee</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14572">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14573">
              <text>Middle Easterners</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14560">
                <text>How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages: Pages 7, 8</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14562">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14563">
                <text>1900s</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14564">
                <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14565">
                <text>c1905</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14574">
                <text>Smithsonian-NMAH</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14575">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Pages 7 and 8 of "How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages."&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1315" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1304">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/c770e3389bba81e67d7d6e0369e726eb.jpg</src>
        <authentication>ea3c7494682ba55501e882782e3e846b</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Warshaw Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="9">
                  <text>The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, ca. 1742-1977, is one of the collections that make up the holdings of theArchives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. It is one of the largest advertising ephemera collections in the U.S. The images we have selected are a sample of the more than 1 million items in the collection. Work must be sought from the Archives Center at NMAH.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Archive Location</name>
          <description>Physical location of the item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14577">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;NMAH Archives Center Warshaw Collection of Business Americana 0060 Coffee Box 2, Folder Fischer, B &amp;amp; Co. "How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages," B. Fischer &amp;amp; Co. New York, pages 9-10.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Gender</name>
          <description>Gender represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14582">
              <text>Mixed-Gender group</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Physical Setting</name>
          <description>Physical setting represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14583">
              <text>Indoors</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14584">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14585">
              <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14586">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="61">
          <name>Product</name>
          <description>Product represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14587">
              <text>Coffee</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="14588">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14589">
              <text>Native Americans (American Indians)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14590">
              <text>Filipinos</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="14591">
              <text>Alaskan Natives</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14576">
                <text>How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages: Pages 9, 10</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14578">
                <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14579">
                <text>1900s</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="14580">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14581">
                <text>c1905</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14592">
                <text>Smithsonian-NMAH</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14593">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Pages 9 and 10 of "How To Ask For a Cup of Coffee in 32 Languages."&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="675" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="667">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/dfb4430e7fe11a999c4a89aeef4e9ad9.jpg</src>
        <authentication>123122a407e065fe4b93b80e7f4cfc0b</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="22">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38">
                  <text>Hartman Center - Emergence of Advertising in America Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="39">
                  <text>The Emergence of Advertising in America Collection is one of the collections that make up the holdings of the Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising &amp; Marketing History at Duke University. The collection is a database of advertising items from 1850-1920 that illustrate the rise of consumer culture and the birth of a professionalized advertising industry. Work must be sought from the Hartman Center at Duke University.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Gender</name>
          <description>Gender represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8206">
              <text>Male</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Organization</name>
          <description>Organization related to item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8207">
              <text>Pond's Extract Co.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8208">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8209">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="8210">
              <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8211">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8200">
                <text>In Life's Battle</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8201">
                <text>1900s</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="8202">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="8203">
                <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8204">
                <text>1905</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8205">
                <text>Advertisement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8212">
                <text>Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising &amp; Marketing History, Duke University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8213">
                <text>Military</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8214">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Image of wounded soldier with soldier firing shotgun in the background.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="924" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="915">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/25544059a03725566c71e6ef0cf880b6.jpg</src>
        <authentication>e7a3c7f2be05f2544249a5db64becfcd</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="17">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="30">
                  <text>Ivory Soap Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="31">
                  <text>The Ivory Soap Collection, 1883-1900, is one of the collections that make up the holdings of the Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. The collection covers the history of Ivory Soap ads since its founding in 1879. The collection includes print advertisements dating back to the 1880s. Work must be sought from the Archives Center at NMAH.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Archive Location</name>
          <description>Physical location of the item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="10993">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;NMAH Archives Center Ivory Soap Advertising Collection 791 No Box No Folder (1900) &lt;/p&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Gender</name>
          <description>Gender represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="10999">
              <text>Male</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11000">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11001">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="11002">
              <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="61">
          <name>Product</name>
          <description>Product represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11003">
              <text>Soap</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11004">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="11005">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10992">
                <text>Ivory</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10994">
                <text>1900s</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="10995">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="10996">
                <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10997">
                <text>c1900</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10998">
                <text>Drawings</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11006">
                <text>Smithsonian-NMAH</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11007">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;European American man in Roman robe with tub in background.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="664" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="656">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/86e384e029f942c582dacc5e82d19496.jpg</src>
        <authentication>f266e8f75b4319f68e3456ce32670dad</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="22">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38">
                  <text>Hartman Center - Emergence of Advertising in America Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="39">
                  <text>The Emergence of Advertising in America Collection is one of the collections that make up the holdings of the Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising &amp; Marketing History at Duke University. The collection is a database of advertising items from 1850-1920 that illustrate the rise of consumer culture and the birth of a professionalized advertising industry. Work must be sought from the Hartman Center at Duke University.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Organization</name>
          <description>Organization related to item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8019">
              <text>Kodak</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Physical Setting</name>
          <description>Physical setting represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8020">
              <text>Indoors</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="8021">
              <text>Outdoors</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8022">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8023">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="8024">
              <text>World War I (1914-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8025">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8013">
                <text>Jerusalem Regained</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8014">
                <text>1910s</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="8015">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="8016">
                <text>World War I (1914-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8017">
                <text>1918</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8018">
                <text>Advertisement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8026">
                <text>Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising &amp; Marketing History, Duke University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8027">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Drawing of knights in 1099 next to photo of military entering jerusalem in 1917.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="592" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="584">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/7e3e2e6e3360e926d896f7b1a964e25b.jpg</src>
        <authentication>f4d70fb21e679e65ebbd50ebb18e9b6c</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="22">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38">
                  <text>Hartman Center - Emergence of Advertising in America Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="39">
                  <text>The Emergence of Advertising in America Collection is one of the collections that make up the holdings of the Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising &amp; Marketing History at Duke University. The collection is a database of advertising items from 1850-1920 that illustrate the rise of consumer culture and the birth of a professionalized advertising industry. Work must be sought from the Hartman Center at Duke University.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Gender</name>
          <description>Gender represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="6943">
              <text>Ambiguous</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Life Phase</name>
          <description>Life phase represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="6944">
              <text>Child</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Organization</name>
          <description>Organization related to item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="6945">
              <text>Charles E. Hires Co.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Physical Setting</name>
          <description>Physical setting represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="6946">
              <text>Outdoors</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="6947">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="6948">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="6949">
              <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="6950">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6937">
                <text>Jingle Jokes for Little Folks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6938">
                <text>1900s</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="6939">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="6940">
                <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6941">
                <text>1901</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6942">
                <text>Advertisement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6951">
                <text>Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising &amp; Marketing History, Duke University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6952">
                <text>Children</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6953">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Child standing with leg on fence and holding a beverage. &lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="670" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="662">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/32ea099bdd15305284405940afaf1dfd.jpg</src>
        <authentication>5b543b270037256dd803af890ff861ff</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="22">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38">
                  <text>Hartman Center - Emergence of Advertising in America Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="39">
                  <text>The Emergence of Advertising in America Collection is one of the collections that make up the holdings of the Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising &amp; Marketing History at Duke University. The collection is a database of advertising items from 1850-1920 that illustrate the rise of consumer culture and the birth of a professionalized advertising industry. Work must be sought from the Hartman Center at Duke University.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Gender</name>
          <description>Gender represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8120">
              <text>Mixed-Gender group</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Organization</name>
          <description>Organization related to item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8122">
              <text>Kodak</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8123">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8124">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="8125">
              <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="61">
          <name>Product</name>
          <description>Product represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8126">
              <text>Film</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8127">
              <text>Asians</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="8128">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8114">
                <text>Kodak Simplicity</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8115">
                <text>1900s</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="8116">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="8117">
                <text>Turn of the 20th Century (1890-1910)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8118">
                <text>1905</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8119">
                <text>Advertisement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="92">
            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8121">
                <text>Asia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8129">
                <text>Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising &amp; Marketing History, Duke University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8130">
                <text>Tourism</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="8131">
                <text>Travel</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="8132">
                <text>Transportation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8133">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;White woman taking pictures in wagon pulled by Asian man.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1275" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1264">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/db133148a0160609287ab21a9c408b9c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>09d0c02d2c13335ee18b7b30a7b998cf</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Warshaw Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="9">
                  <text>The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, ca. 1742-1977, is one of the collections that make up the holdings of theArchives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. It is one of the largest advertising ephemera collections in the U.S. The images we have selected are a sample of the more than 1 million items in the collection. Work must be sought from the Archives Center at NMAH.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Image Text</name>
          <description>Any text transcribed from the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="13962">
              <text>With me along the strip of Herbage strown that just divides the desert from the sown, Omar</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Archive Location</name>
          <description>Physical location of the item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="13963">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;NMAH Archives Center Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Collection No. 60 SeriesA: Tobacco Trade &amp;amp; Industry Box 1 Folder16: American Tobacco Company 1915, n.d.; Omar Turkish Blend Cigarettes Color page advertisement of Omar cigarettes, from "Country Life in America" magazine, February 1915, man in turban sitting cross-legged, red-headed woman dancing next to him with pink scarf, quote reads "With me along the strip of Herbage strown that just divides the desert from the sown" Omar.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Gender</name>
          <description>Gender represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="13969">
              <text>Mixed-Gender group</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Physical Setting</name>
          <description>Physical setting represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="13971">
              <text>Outdoors</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="13972">
              <text>European Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="13973">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="13974">
              <text>World War I (1914-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="61">
          <name>Product</name>
          <description>Product represented in the advertisement</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="13975">
              <text>Cigarettes</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="62">
          <name>Race and Ethnic Markers</name>
          <description>Race and Ethnic Markers represented in the advertisment</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="13976">
              <text>Whites</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13961">
                <text>Man Smoking with Female Dancer- Omar Turkish Cigarettes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="93">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13964">
                <text>Tens</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="13965">
                <text>World War I (1914-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="13966">
                <text>1910s</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="13967">
                <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13968">
                <text>1915</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="92">
            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13970">
                <text>Middle East</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13977">
                <text>Smithsonian-NMAH</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13978">
                <text>Leisure</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="13979">
                <text>Entertainment</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13980">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Color page advertisement of Omar cigarettes, from "Country Life in America" magazine, February 1915, man in turban sitting cross-legged, red-headed woman dancing next to him with pink scarf, quote reads "With me along the strip of Herbage strown that just divides the desert from the sown" Omar.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="253" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="245">
        <src>https://raceandethnicity.org/files/original/9b162f00b090154cd595366981210742.jpg</src>
        <authentication>ff8494bbab68e2468d09bd88c9df1fe7</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="31">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="54">
                  <text>Asian American General Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Advertisement</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Organization</name>
          <description>Organization related to item</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2257">
              <text>Moving Picture World</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Primary Groups</name>
          <description>Primary groups advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2258">
              <text>Asian American</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Primary Time Periods</name>
          <description>Primary time periods advertisement is related to</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2259">
              <text>Early 20th Century (1900-1919)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2254">
                <text>Mysterious Wu Chung Foo</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2255">
                <text>1914</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2256">
                <text>black and white advertisement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2260">
                <text>Black and white ad for The Mysterious Wu Chung Foo, a silent serial movie in four parts.  Actors depicting Asians are wearing dramatic makeup and stereotypical dress.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
